中医药研究论丛

241.8 从外部视角比较《伤寒论》与《红楼梦》的身世
TJ TCM.24(1) : 87-102, 2021
从外部视角比较《伤寒论》与《红楼梦》的身世
Comparing the Experience of "Shang
Han Lun" and "Honglou Meng" from an External Perspective
杜逸龙1,2 黄依婷1 侯伯奇1 吴龙源1,3* 蔡汎修1*
1 义守大学学士後中医学系,高雄,台湾
2 义大医疗财团法人义大癌治疗医院中医科,高雄,台湾
3 吴龙源中医诊所,台北,台湾
【摘要】
一般在研读着作时,可采取二种视角进行探究,一种是内部视角,亦即研究分析的焦点放在文章内容上;而另一种是外部视角,视线重点摆在作者与书籍本身所处的时空环境,相当於把书籍本身当成一个人,探讨它所经历的事件。本文透过文献资料的整理,从外部视角比较《伤寒论》与《红楼梦》,发现二部书在身世有着许多相似之处。例如,民国初年的大学问家章太炎与胡适分别对《伤寒论》与《红楼梦》的作者进行考证。《伤寒论》与《红楼梦》各有不同版本的流传,甚或有流传至国外的版本。在学术思想继承方面,《伤寒论》以论广的方式继承《汤液经》;《红楼梦》则以超越的方式继承《金瓶梅》。在文字避讳方面,《伤寒论》作者没有特别避讳文字,而是後世传抄者因所处时代的讳禁而避;《红楼梦》作者在文中不避国讳或家讳,但小说中的人物却遵循家讳禁忌。张仲景家族遭遇了伤寒疾病的打击;曹雪芹的家族则是受到政治上的抄家。二书对後世的影响方面,《伤寒论》如同探照灯照亮了後世医家的途径;《红楼梦》则如同聚光灯,汇集了中国文学上种种的文学写作形式,并形成了「红学」。
【关键词】伤寒论、红楼梦、伤寒论版本、红楼梦版本
 
Yi-Long Tu1,2Yi-Ting Huang1Po-Chi Hou1Lung-Yuan Wu1,3*Fan-Shiu Tsai1*
1The School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate of I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
2The Department of Chinese Medicine of E-DA Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
3WU LUNG-YUAN Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinic, Taipei, Taiwan
【Summary】
In general, two perspectives can be used to explore a book. One is the internal perspective, that is, the focus of the research analysis is on the content of the article; the other is the external perspective, the focus is on the author and the book itself. The era of time and the space-time environment experienced by different versions of books are equivalent to treating the book itself as a person and discussing the events it has experienced. In this paper, through the collation of literature, we find that "Shang Han Lun" and "Honglou Meng" have many similarities in life experience from an external perspective. Zhang Taiyan and Hu Shi, in the early Republic of China, examined the authors of "Shang Han Lun" and "Honglou Meng" respectively. There are different versions of "Shang Han Lun" and "Honglou Meng", or even versions that have spread to foreign ries. In terms of inheritance of academic thoughts, "Shang Han Lun" inherits "Tangye Jing" in a broad way; "Honglou Meng" inherits "Jinpingmei" in a transcendental way. In terms of textual taboos, the author of "Shang Han Lun" did not specifically taboo texts, but the descendants of later avoided due to taboos of their time; the author of "Honglou Meng" did not avoid national or family textual taboos, but the characters in the novel did follow taboos. Zhang Zhongjing’s family was hit by typhoid fever; Cao Xueqin’s family was politically hit. In terms of the impact of the two books, "Shang Han Lun" is like a searchlight that illuminates the way for later medical doctors; "Honglou Meng" is like a spotlight, bringing together various formats of literary writing in Chinese literature and forming a "Redology".
【Keywords】Shang Han Lun; Honglou Meng; Editions of Shang Han Lun; Editions of Honglou Meng